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| 1590s | 1600s | 1610s | 1620s | 1630s | 1640s | 1650s | 1660s | 1670s |
1590s |
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1590 |
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| 1590, Mar. 4: | Prince Maurice captures Breda by surprise. | ![]() |
| 1590, Mar. 14: | Henry IV of France defeats an army of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne at the Battle of Ivry. | |
| 1590, Sep. 29: | The philosopher, theologian and artist Dirck Volckertsz Coornhert dies at Gouda. | |
| 1590, Dec. 5: | Pope Gregory XIV is elected. | |
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1591 |
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| 1591, Jan. 15: | The atomist philosopher David Gorlaeus is born at Utrecht. | ![]() |
| 1591, May 19: | Chartres capitulates to Henry IV. | |
| 1591, May 20: | The Spanish surrender Zutphen to Prince Maurice. | |
| 1591, Jun. 10: | Prince Maurice captures Deventer. | |
| 1591, Sep. 14: | Prince Maurice conquers Hulst. | |
| 1591, Oct. 14: | The Spanish garrison of Nijmegen capitulates to Prince Maurice. | |
| 1591, Oct. 15: | Pope Gregory XIV dies at Rome. | |
| 1591, Oct. 29: | Pope Innocent IX is elected. | |
| 1591, Dec.: | Pope Innocent dies at Rome. | |
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1592 |
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| 1592, Jan. 22: | The philosopher Pierre Gassendi is born at Champtercier, near Digne, France. | ![]() |
| 1592, Jan. 30: | Pope Clemens VIII is elected. | |
| 1592, Mar. 28: | The theologian and philosopher Jan Amos Comenius is born in Moravia. | |
| 1592, Jul. 5: | After a siege of fourty-four days, Steenwijk capitulates to Prince Maurice. | |
| 1592, Sep. 4: | Prince Maurice captures Coevorden after a siege of six weeks. | |
| 1592, Sept. 14: | The philosopher Michel de Montaigne dies at the Château de Montaigne near Bordeaux, France. | |
| 1592, Nov. 27: | The Swedish John III dies and is succeeded by his oldest son, Sigismund (also Sigismund III of Poland). | |
| 1592, Dec. 3: | The Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, dies at Arras and is replaced by an interim governor, Peter Ernst von Mansfeld. | |
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1593 |
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| 1593, Jan. 27: | The philosopher
Giordano Bruno is brought before the Roman Inquisition and will remain in
its dungeons for seven years. |
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| 1593, May 19: | The painter Jacob Jordaens is born at Antwerp. | |
| 1593, Jun. 28: | After a siege of four months, Geertruidenberg capitulates to Prince Maurice. | |
| 1593, Jul. 25: | Henry IV of France converts to Roman Catholicism. | |
| 1593, Oct. 11: | The politician and physician Nicolaes Tulp is born at Amsterdam. | |
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1594 |
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| 1594, Feb.: | Archduke Ernst of Austria becomes the new governor of the Spanish Netherlands. | ![]() |
| 1594, Feb. 27: | Henry IV is coronated in the Cathedral of Chartres, France. | |
| 1594, Mar. 22: | Henry IV enters Paris. | |
| 1594, Jun. 14: | The composer Orlandus Lassus dies at Munich, Bavaria. | |
| 1594, Jul. 23: | Prince Maurice captures Groningen. | |
| 1594, Dec. 2: | The geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator dies at Duisburg, at the time a free city in the Holy Roman Empire. | |
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1595 |
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| 1595, Jan.: | Henry IV declares war on Spain. | ![]() |
| 1595, Feb. 21: | The governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Archduke Ernst of Austria, dies at Brussels and is replaced by the interim governor Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes. | |
| 1595, May 2: | Philip II appoints Archduke Albert of Austria governor of the Spanish Netherlands. | |
| 1595, Jun. 5: | A French army under Henry IV defeats a Spanish army at the Battle of Fontaine-Française. | |
| 1595, Jul. 19: | The astronomer Johannes Kepler has the sudden (but incorrect) revelation that the distances between the planets are determined by the insertion of the five 'perfect' Pythagorean solids between their orbits. | |
| 1595, Sep. 18: | Pope Clemens VIII lifts the excommunication of Henry IV and recognizes him as King of France. | |
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1596 |
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| 1596, Jan.: | The governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Archduke Albert of Austria, arrives at Brussels. | ![]() |
| 1596, Mar. 31: | The philosopher René Descartes is born at La Haye near Tours, France. | |
| 1596, Aug.: | The scholar Jean Bodin dies of the plague at Laon, France. | |
| 1596, Aug.: | France, England and the Dutch Republic form a triplle alliance (Treaty of Greenwich). | |
| 1596, Aug.: | The expedition of Willem Barentsz to find a north-east passage gets stuck in the ice near Nova Zembla, where they build a small house to winter. | |
| 1596, Sep. 4: | The poet, composer and statesman Constantijn Huygens is born in The Hague. | |
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1597 |
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| 1597, Jan. 24: | The Dutch Stadholder, Prince Maurice, defeats a Spanish army at the Battle of Turnhout. | ![]() |
| 1597, Mar. 1: | The Jesuit mathematician Jean-Charles de la Faille is born at Antwerp. | |
| 1597, Jun. 13: | The expedition of Willem Barentsz, after having spent the winter on Nova Zembla, tries to sail back home in open boats. | |
| 1597, Jun. 20: | Willem Barentsz dies during the crossing of the Arctic Ocean. | |
| 1597, Jul.: | The Anabaptist Anna Utenhove is buried alive in Brussels, the last person to be executed for heresy in the Spanish Netherlands. | |
| 1597, Aug. 14: | The first Dutch fleet to the East Indies returns home. | |
| 1597, Aug. 19: | Prince Maurice captures Rheinberg, popularly known as the 'whore of war', as it many times changed hand. | |
| 1597, Sep. 28: | Grol surrenders to Prince Maurice. | |
| 1597, Oct. 8 & 22: | Maurice takes Enschede and Oldenzaal. | |
| 1597, Nov. 11: | After a fortnight's siege Lingen capitulates to Prince Maurice. | |
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1598 |
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| 1598, Apr. 13: | The French Henry IV grants liberties to the Huguenots with the Edict of Nantes and thus ends the religious wars in France. | ![]() |
| 1598, Apr. 17: | The astronomer Giovanni Battista Riccioli is born at Ferrara, Italy. | |
| 1598, May 2: | The Treaty of Vervins ends the war between France and Spain. | |
| 1598, May 17: | Baptism of Johannes van den Enden at the St Jacobs church in Antwerp. | |
| 1598, Jul. 4: | The geographer Abraham Ortelius is buried in Antwerp. | |
| 1598, Sep. 13: | The Spanish Philip II dies and is succeeded by Philip III, while the the Spanish Netherlands gain a temporary semi-independence under Archdukes Albert and Isabella. | |
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1599 |
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| 1599, Jan. 8: | The Jesuit general Claudius Aquaviva issues the Ratio atque Institutio Studiorum Societatis Iesu, a set of educational rules and directions that would remain mandatory until 1773. | ![]() |
| 1599, Mar. 22: | The painter Anthony van Dyck is born at Antwerp. | |
| 1599, Apr. 18: | The Archduke Albert of Austria marries the Infanta Isabella of Spain. | |
| 1599, Jul. 24: | The Swedish Parliament deposes King Sigismund (Sigismund III of Poland). | |
| 1599, Aug. 9: | The Calvinist theologian Samuel Maresius is born at Oisemont, France. | |
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Dates of events concerning British history will often be in Old Style.
| 1590s | 1600s | 1610s | 1620s | 1630s | 1640s | 1650s | 1660s | 1670s |
