1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s

Extended chronological table
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1590s

1590

1590, Mar. 4: Prince Maurice captures Breda by surprise.
1590, Mar. 14: Henry IV of France defeats an army of the Catholic League under the Duc de Mayenne at the Battle of Ivry.
1590, Sep. 29: The philosopher, theologian and artist Dirck Volckertsz Coornhert dies at Gouda.
1590, Dec. 5: Pope Gregory XIV is elected.
  Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, Proces vant ketterdoden ende dwang der conscientien, Gouda: Jasper Tournay.
  Justus Lipsius, Adversvs dialogistam liber de vna religione, Leiden: Franciscus Raphelengius.
  Simon Stevin, Vita politica. Het burgherlick leuen, Leiden: Franciscus Raphelengius.
1591

1591, Jan. 15: The atomist philosopher David Gorlaeus is born at Utrecht.
1591, May 19: Chartres capitulates to Henry IV.
1591, May 20: The Spanish surrender Zutphen to Prince Maurice.
1591, Jun. 10: Prince Maurice captures Deventer.
1591, Sep. 14: Prince Maurice conquers Hulst.
1591, Oct. 14: The Spanish garrison of Nijmegen capitulates to Prince Maurice.
1591, Oct. 15: Pope Gregory XIV dies at Rome.
1591, Oct. 29: Pope Innocent IX is elected.  
1591, Dec.: Pope Innocent dies at Rome.  
  Tommaso Campanella, De stylo, ordinis praedicatorum philosophia, sensibus demonstrata, Naples: Salvianus.
  Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert, Defensio processus de non occidendis haereticis, Gouda: P.S. Kies.
  Lucas Waghenaer, Speculum nauticum, Antwerp: I. Bellerus.
  Franciscus Vieta, In artem analyticem isagoge, Tours: J. Mettayer.
1592

1592, Jan. 22: The philosopher Pierre Gassendi is born at Champtercier, near Digne, France.
1592, Jan. 30: Pope Clemens VIII is elected.
1592, Mar. 28: The theologian and philosopher Jan Amos Comenius is born in Moravia.
1592, Jul. 5: After a siege of fourty-four days, Steenwijk capitulates to Prince Maurice.
1592, Sep. 4: Prince Maurice captures Coevorden after a siege of six weeks.
1592, Sept. 14: The philosopher Michel de Montaigne dies at the Château de Montaigne near Bordeaux, France.
1592, Nov. 27: The Swedish John III dies and is succeeded by his oldest son, Sigismund (also Sigismund III of Poland).
1592, Dec. 3: The Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma, dies at Arras and is replaced by an interim governor, Peter Ernst von Mansfeld.
1593

1593, Jan. 27: The philosopher Giordano Bruno is brought before the Roman Inquisition and will remain in its dungeons for seven years.
1593, May 19: The painter Jacob Jordaens is born at Antwerp.
1593, Jun. 28: After a siege of four months, Geertruidenberg capitulates to Prince Maurice.
1593, Jul. 25: Henry IV of France converts to Roman Catholicism.
1593, Oct. 11: The politician and physician Nicolaes Tulp is born at Amsterdam.
  Robbert Robbertsz le Canu, Korte inleydinge der feesten Israels, s.l.: s.n.
1594

1594, Feb.: Archduke Ernst of Austria becomes the new governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
1594, Feb. 27: Henry IV is coronated in the Cathedral of Chartres, France.
1594, Mar. 22: Henry IV enters Paris.
1594, Jun. 14: The composer Orlandus Lassus dies at Munich, Bavaria.
1594, Jul. 23: Prince Maurice captures Groningen.
1594, Dec. 2: The geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator dies at Duisburg, at the time a free city in the Holy Roman Empire.
  Simon Stevin, De sterctenbovwing, Leiden: Franciscus Raphelengius.
1595

1595, Jan.: Henry IV declares war on Spain.
1595, Feb. 21: The governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Archduke Ernst of Austria, dies at Brussels and is replaced by the interim governor Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes.
1595, May 2: Philip II appoints Archduke Albert of Austria governor of the Spanish Netherlands.
1595, Jun. 5: A French army under Henry IV defeats a Spanish army at the Battle of Fontaine-Française.
1595, Jul. 19: The astronomer Johannes Kepler has the sudden (but incorrect) revelation that the distances between the planets are determined by the insertion of the five 'perfect' Pythagorean solids between their orbits.
1595, Sep. 18: Pope Clemens VIII lifts the excommunication of Henry IV and recognizes him as King of France.
  Gerardus Mercator, Atlas sive cosmographicae, Düsseldorf: Albertus Busius.
1596

1596, Jan.: The governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Archduke Albert of Austria, arrives at Brussels.
1596, Mar. 31: The philosopher René Descartes is born at La Haye near Tours, France.
1596, Aug.: The scholar Jean Bodin dies of the plague at Laon, France.
1596, Aug.: France, England and the Dutch Republic form a triplle alliance (Treaty of Greenwich).
1596, Aug.: The expedition of Willem Barentsz to find a north-east passage gets stuck in the ice near Nova Zembla, where they build a small house to winter.
1596, Sep. 4: The poet, composer and statesman Constantijn Huygens is born in The Hague.
  Johannes Kepler, Dissertationum Cosmographicarum, continens Mysterium Cosmographicum, Tübingen: Georg Gruppenbach.
  Ludolph van Ceulen, Vanden circkel, Delft: Jan Andriesz Cloeting.
  Abraham Ortelius, Aurei sæculi imago, sive Germanorum veterum vita, mores & religio, Antwerp: G. Gallæus.
  Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, Itinerario, voyage ofte schipvaert, Amsterdam: Cornelis Claesz.
1597

1597, Jan. 24: The Dutch Stadholder, Prince Maurice, defeats a Spanish army at the Battle of Turnhout.
1597, Mar. 1: The Jesuit mathematician Jean-Charles de la Faille is born at Antwerp.
1597, Jun. 13: The expedition of Willem Barentsz, after having spent the winter on Nova Zembla, tries to sail back home in open boats.
1597, Jun. 20: Willem Barentsz dies during the crossing of the Arctic Ocean.
1597, Jul.: The Anabaptist Anna Utenhove is buried alive in Brussels, the last person to be executed for heresy in the Spanish Netherlands.
1597, Aug. 14: The first Dutch fleet to the East Indies returns home.
1597, Aug. 19: Prince Maurice captures Rheinberg, popularly known as the 'whore of war', as it many times changed hand.
1597, Sep. 28: Grol surrenders to Prince Maurice.  
1597, Oct. 8 & 22: Maurice takes Enschede and Oldenzaal.  
1597, Nov. 11: After a fortnight's siege Lingen capitulates to Prince Maurice.  
  Francis Bacon, Essayes, London: Iohn Windet for Humfrey Hooper.
1598

1598, Apr. 13: The French Henry IV grants liberties to the Huguenots with the Edict of Nantes and thus ends the religious wars in France.
1598, Apr. 17: The astronomer Giovanni Battista Riccioli is born at Ferrara, Italy.
1598, May 2: The Treaty of Vervins ends the war between France and Spain.
1598, May 17: Baptism of Johannes van den Enden at the St Jacobs church in Antwerp.
1598, Jul. 4: The geographer Abraham Ortelius is buried in Antwerp.
1598, Sep. 13: The Spanish Philip II dies and is succeeded by Philip III, while the the Spanish Netherlands gain a temporary semi-independence under Archdukes Albert and Isabella.
  Giovanni Botero, Aggiunte alla Ragion di Stato, Venice: Gio. Battista Ciotti.
  Tycho Brahe, Astronomia Instauratæ Mechanica, Wandsbek: s.n..
1599

1599, Jan. 8: The Jesuit general Claudius Aquaviva issues the Ratio atque Institutio Studiorum Societatis Iesu, a set of educational rules and directions that would remain mandatory until 1773.
1599, Mar. 22: The painter Anthony van Dyck is born at Antwerp.
1599, Apr. 18: The Archduke Albert of Austria marries the Infanta Isabella of Spain.
1599, Jul. 24: The Swedish Parliament deposes King Sigismund (Sigismund III of Poland).
1599, Aug. 9: The Calvinist theologian Samuel Maresius is born at Oisemont, France.
  Joannes de Mariana, De Rege et Regis Institutione. Toledo: Petrus Rodericus.
  Simon Stevin, De havenvinding, Leiden: Christophorus Raphelengius.

Dates of events concerning British history will often be in Old Style.

1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s
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